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Life Health > Life Insurance > Permanent Life Insurance

Fed Sees Drop in Cash-Value Life Ownership

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The Federal Reserve Board sees the percentage of U.S. households with cash-value life insurance dropping.

The share of households with that asset fell to 16.1% in 2022, from 19% in 2019. it was 35.5% in 1989, according to the Fed’s latest Survey of Consumer Finances report.

For families with cash-value life, the mean value of that asset increased to $55,270, from $47,470.

What it means: Individual retirement accounts, 401(k) plans and other retirement accounts are capturing some of the cash that clients might have once used to pay for life insurance.

The survey: The Fed has been conducting the Survey of Consumer Finances every three years since 1989, to get detailed information about families’ finances.

The survey team interviewed 4,602 families for the new survey.

The team managers emphasize that the figures related to high-income and high-net-worth families are based on interviews with a relatively small number of wealthy households, and that wealthy people appear to be less likely to participate in financial surveys than lower-income people.

The cash-value life asset value figures reflect only the actual cash value of the life insurance, not the death benefits.

For cash-life insurance, another issue may be that some survey participants may not remember that they have cash-value life insurance and may not describe life insurance policies’ cash value correctly.

Assets vs. assets: Although the percentage of U.S. households with cash-value life insurance is falling, life insurance continues to be more widely held than some other types of assets.

The percentage of households with retirement accounts increased to 54.3% in 2022, from 50.5% three years earlier, and the percentage with stocks held outside retirement accounts increased to 21%, from 15.2%.

To avoid double counting, the Fed classifies any asset held inside a retirement account as a retirement account asset.

Checking accounts are the only other financial assets held outside retirement accounts more often than cash-value life insurance.

Mutual funds and other “pooled investment funds” held outside retirement accounts are the next most popular type of financial asset. Between 2019 and 2022, the percentage of households with “bare” pooled investment funds increased to 11.5%, from 9%.

Age: An interactive chart tool indicates that ownership of cash-value life may be holding up better at older households than at younger households.

Here’s how ownership looks in two age categories:

Ages 35-44:

  • 1989: 41.3%
  • 2019: 12.7%
  • 2022: 12.4%

Ages 75 and older:

  • 1989: 28.7%
  • 2019: 30.7%
  • 2022: 25.7%

Income: The interactive chart tool appears to show that cash-value life use varies widely from income category to income category, possibly because people in different income categories tend to use cash-value life for different purposes.

Here’s how ownership looks in two income categories:

Bottom 20%:

  • 1989: 13.1%
  • 2019: 9.7%
  • 2022: 10.9%

Top 10%:

  • 1989: 58.9%
  • 2019: 28.9%
  • 2022: 25.3%

Credit: Shutterstock


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