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Regulation and Compliance > Federal Regulation > IRS

Treasury, IRS OK Deferred Income Annuities in 401(k)s

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The Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service issued Friday guidance designed to expand the use of annuities in 401(k) plans. 

The guidance (Notice 2014-66) clarifies that plan sponsors can include deferred income annuities in target date funds used as a default investment, in a manner that complies with plan qualification rules. 

This option is voluntary for plan sponsors and participants, the guidance says.

“Today’s guidance provides plan sponsors an additional option to make it easier for employees to consider using lifetime income,” the Treasury said in a statement. “Instead of having to devote all of their account balance to annuities, employees use a portion of their savings to purchase guaranteed income for life while retaining other savings in other investments.”

Treasury and IRS issued final rules in July to make longevity annuities — which provide regular payments that begin at an advanced age and continue throughout the individual’s life — accessible to the 401(k) and IRA markets. 

Under Friday’s guidance, a target date fund may include annuities allowing payments, beginning either immediately after retirement or at a later time, as part of its fixed-income investments, even if the funds containing the annuities are limited to employees over a specified age. 

The guidance clarifies that plans have the option to offer target date funds that include such annuity contracts either as a default or as a regular investment alternative. 

In an accompanying letter, the Department of Labor also confirmed that target date funds serving as default investment alternatives may include annuities among their fixed-income investments. The letter also describes how fiduciary standards under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act can be satisfied when a plan sponsor appoints an investment manager that selects the annuity contracts and annuity provider to pay the lifetime income.

“As boomers approach retirement and life expectancies increase, income annuities can be an important planning tool for a secure retirement,” said J. Mark Iwry, senior advisor to the Secretary of the Treasury and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Retirement and Health Policy, in a statement. “Treasury is working to expand the availability of retirement income options for working families. By encouraging the use of income annuities, today’s guidance can help retirees protect themselves from outliving their savings.”

Many employer-sponsored 401(k) plans offer target date funds as a default investment for participants who do not affirmatively elect a different investment. Target date funds’ allocation of investments shifts gradually from equities to fixed income as participants approach an intended target retirement year.  

“A deferred income annuity provides an income stream that generally continues throughout an individual’s life but is not intended to begin until sometime after it is purchased,” Treasury and IRS say. “This can provide a cost-effective solution for retirees willing to use part of their savings to protect against outliving the rest of their assets, and can also help them avoid overcompensating by unnecessarily limiting their spending in retirement.”

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