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September 01, 2010 at 08:00 PM
Angel investors and their advisors must become more creative with their financing structures if they hope to avoid the same fate which Forbes magazine recently described as the current state of the venture capital industry: “A lottery system where few make unbelievable fortunes while the rest lose someone else’s fortune.” Angels should leverage their capital to secure better investment terms and more unique investment terms than their VC counterparts.
Previously in this column (April 2010), I identified an early-stage investment term sheet provision (a private investment “put option”) that provides angel investors with the option of securing the return of the initial private investment capital and the accrued dividend if the portfolio company achieves certain pre-determined milestones. Executing such an option has a profound impact on the internal rate of return (IRR) of an angel investment, and I now consider such put options to be a requisite term for most angel financings.
Angels owe it to themselves to increase the variety of exits, as well as to decrease the elapsed time to the exits in their investments. The solution is being creative and open to alternative financing terms and mechanisms. Recently, I have been taking heed of “royalty-based financing”–the process of lending against a company’s future revenue stream, as another option to increase the optionality of positive outcomes.
About RBF : Royalty-Based Financing
Royalty-based financing (often referred to as a “revenue loan,” or RBF) is essentially debt financing collateralized by the company’s IP (intellectual property) and secured against future revenues. The investor’s note is repaid beginning at a certain date in time (often 6-12 months out) at a pre-negotiated percentage of the company’s gross revenues, on a monthly basis, until the investor has received anywhere from two to five times the initial investment back.
Entrepreneurs are generally favorably disposed toward RBFs because they are viewed as non-dilutive to founders relative to a traditional Series A equity financing round. Moreover, the financing is obtained without having to agree to a valuation, leaves management in control of the company and typically requires no personal guarantees from management.
RBFs can be an effective bridge to profitability for companies that have already brought a high-margin product to market and want to expand their distribution. Although the company incurs an additional operating expense, it is less onerous than debt because the monthly cost is variable to revenues. The company factors the negotiated variable cost into its revenue model to ensure that the agreed upon monthly percentage of gross revenues payment to the note holder is at a rate that provides for sufficient operating capital.
